Adaptive Solar Power Under Partial Shading
Official patent title
System and method for target detection and energy delivery
Arabic title: نظام وطريقة لكشف الأهداف وتوصيل الطاقة
Invention
Invention
Problem
Partial shading and unequal irradiance make photovoltaic panels operate at different power points. A fixed series or parallel connection can sacrifice output and destabilize power supplied to DC loads.
Why it matters
Better mismatch management can increase harvested solar energy and maintain service for batteries and DC appliances under changing shade and weather.
Approach
The disclosed PV system combines per-panel sensing and MPPT, a dual-input DC-DC converter, switchable panel interconnections, and a microcontroller using particle-swarm optimization to select duty cycles and configurations in real time.
Who may benefit
Potential beneficiaries include solar-inverter manufacturers, off-grid system integrators, battery-storage suppliers, DC microgrid developers, and residential or agricultural solar users.
Potential value
The architecture independently processes mismatched panel inputs, reconfigures series, parallel, or bypass states, and optimizes switching duty cycles to maintain DC-load output under uneven irradiance.
Background
Background
Photovoltaic arrays lose energy when panels receive different irradiance because one panel can constrain a shared electrical string. Bypass diodes and conventional MPPT reduce some losses but may not optimize each source and load simultaneously. Reconfigurable connections and multi-input converters offer more control at the cost of switches, sensing, computation, and reliability demands. The disclosed content centers on real-time PV mismatch optimization. The supplied source title refers to target detection and energy delivery, while the abstract, description, and claims address photovoltaic power control.
Technology overview
Technology overview
Photodetectors measure irradiance and the controller reads panel voltage, current, and power. Per-panel MPPT and a dual-input converter process independent inputs. A switching matrix connects panels in series or parallel or bypasses one panel. Particle-swarm optimization explores duty-cycle combinations against a power-extraction fitness function, while phase shift between converter switches can also be adjusted. The regulated output supplies battery storage or DC appliances, and another algorithm distributes power among multiple loads.
Potential applications
Potential applications
- Partial-shading mitigation in PV arrays.
- Off-grid battery charging.
- DC home and agricultural appliances.
- Solar DC microgrids.
- Multi-input converter and MPPT research.
Evidence-supported advantages
Evidence-supported advantages
- Processes panel inputs independently.
- Supports series, parallel, and bypass configurations.
- Uses real-time irradiance and electrical measurements.
- Optimizes duty cycles with particle-swarm search.
- Can serve batteries or multiple DC loads.
Development stage
Development stage
A PV architecture, converter controls, reconfiguration logic, and optimization algorithms are described; prototype efficiency, outdoor energy yield, convergence performance, protection, and long-term reliability were not established. The development stage was not independently verified.
Commercial opportunity
Commercial opportunity
The controls may interest converter and microgrid suppliers. Commercial validation needs hardware-in-the-loop and outdoor tests, energy-yield comparison with modern distributed MPPT, conversion efficiency, optimization convergence and latency, switch and transformer losses, stability across load changes, thermal design, electromagnetic compliance, fault protection, cybersecurity, component cost, and long-term reliability.
Patent classifications
Patent classifications
WIPO IPC
- H02J3/38Electric power networks; circuit arrangements or systems for supplying or distributing electric power; electric-energy storage systems
- H02J3/46Electric power networks; circuit arrangements or systems for supplying or distributing electric power; electric-energy storage systems
CPC
- H02J3/381Electric power networks; circuit arrangements or systems for supplying or distributing electric power; electric-energy storage systems
- H02J3/46Electric power networks; circuit arrangements or systems for supplying or distributing electric power; electric-energy storage systems
- H02J7/35Electric power networks; circuit arrangements or systems for supplying or distributing electric power; electric-energy storage systems
- H02S50/10Generation of electric power by converting infrared radiation, visible light or ultraviolet light, e.g. using photovoltaic [PV] modules
- H02J2101/25Electric power networks; circuit arrangements or systems for supplying or distributing electric power; electric-energy storage systems
- Y02E10/56Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions related to energy generation, transmission or distribution
Inventors
Inventors
- First inventorMohamed Yehia Mohamed Shalaby
- InventorAbdullah N. Alhatlani
- InventorAbdulrahman M. Shalaby
Keywords
Keywords
- photovoltaic
- partial shading
- MPPT
- dual-input converter
- particle swarm optimization
- switching matrix
- DC microgrid
- panel mismatch
Patent document and drawings
Patent document and drawings
The patent publication is mapped to this record. Patent drawings remain within that publication; no separately cleared public media package has been supplied.